King John of England reigned from April 6, 1199, until his death on October 19, 1216. He was the youngest son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine and is often remembered for signing the Magna Carta in 1215, a significant document that aimed to limit the powers of the monarchy and establish certain legal protections for subjects. His reign was marked by conflicts with the French crown, struggles with his own barons, and tensions with the Church.

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